The process parameters of the cladding process are uncontrollable factors.
The process parameters of laser cladding technology play a decisive role in the mechanical properties and microstructure of the cladding layer. The main technical parameters during the cladding process include laser energy, spot size, cladding speed, preheating temperature, lap size, powder feeding method and powder feeding speed, etc. Moreover, many technical parameters influence and restrict each other. At present, the parameters used by various scientific research and production institutions are mainly based on empirical data and lack theoretical basis.
Crack defects in the cladding layer
During the laser cladding process, the cladding area melts rapidly under the action of the laser and then solidifies quickly.
Due to the slightly different physical shrinkage properties of the cladding powder and the substrate material, when the cladding area cools rapidly, the cladding layer is restricted by the inherent elements of the cold substrate, generating endogenous tensile stress. When the endogenous tensile stress exceeds the limit that the cladding layer can withstand, cracks will occur on the cladding surface, which is an important indicator affecting the quality of the cladding.
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